鲜衣怒马少年郎

三国爱好者,脑洞堆放处,
擅长人物分析,不一定对勿cue。
不混圈的严肃大姐
推姜维、诸葛亮、陆逊(陆家),
偶尔涉猎东吴、蜀汉全家福

许墨可能是INTJ专家型人格

有个想法,觉得许墨是十六型人格中的INTJ专家型,以理智为墙保护自己,系统思考能力强,按现在的剧情有可能是布局能手,而且擅长心理分析、热爱观察、性格疏离也是显著特征,有空整理一下相关资料再验证,下面有些资料可以参考一下,同为INTJ的据说还有死亡笔记的夜神月,恩

Rina's:

INTJ Personality Type

INTJ的人格类型

 

 


INTJs’ signature strength is deep perception. They are naturally attuned to “the big picture” and cannot help but see how everything is interconnected. Their ability to perceive deep patterns and causal relationships has helped many INTJs achieve eminence in science, mathematics, and other theory-centered occupations.

INTJs的标志性力量是“深刻的感知”。他们自然调试到“大图景”模式,能自然而然地看到所有事物之间的联系。INTJs深层次的感知模式和因果能力,帮助他们在科学、数学和其他以理论为中心的行业中取得卓越成就。


Although INTJs are classified as Thinking types, their dominant function is Intuition, or more specifically, Introverted Intuition (Ni). In seeing the world through Ni lenses, their typical mode of operation is well described as impressionistic. Rather than noticing or concerning themselves with the details of the world around them, their existence is more cerebral or dreamlike. This can lead them to feel estranged from their physical environs, not to mention their own bodies.

虽然INTJs被归类为思考型人格,但它们的主要功能却是“直觉”,或者更具体地说,是[内向直觉(Ni)]。通过Ni功能观察世界,INTJs的思维模式被描述为“印象派”——与其说是关注周围世界的细节,不如是是一种理性的或梦境般的存在。这一点可能使得很多INTJs觉得自己与周围的环境非常疏远,甚至于和他们自己的身体。


While INTJs may be relatively unaware of how others perceive them, their “other-worldliness” often earns them labels such as quirky, awkward, nerdy, or oblivious. Onlookers sense that INTJs seem to “live in their own world.” Immersed in their own minds and interests, INTJs can be oblivious to social norms or other practical aspects of life. While incredibly “book smart,” they may fall short when it comes to social or “street smarts.”

尽管INTJs可能不太了解别人对他们的看法,但他们“精神的超脱性”往往会给他们带来一些标签,比如“古怪的”、“尴尬的”、“书呆子”或“健忘的”。旁观者总觉得INTJs似乎“生活在自己的世界里”,INTJs通常会忽略社会规范或生活的其他实际方面,当他们专注于自己的思想和兴趣时。然而即使他们拥有难以置信的“book smart”,但当涉及到社会或“street smart”时,他们也有可能会失败。


At some point in their lives, INTJs start to take notice of how characteristically different they are from their peers. They may even joke about their own nerdy or esoteric interests. Fortunately, they can usually find a few friends with overlapping interests, even if those friendships are maintained through what others might consider non-social activities, such as playing video games over the internet.

从某个阶段起,INTJs会开始注意到他们与同龄人之间的不同之处。他们甚至能拿自己的“书呆子气”或“艰深晦涩”来开玩笑。幸运的是,INTJs通常可以找到一些有相似兴趣的朋友,即使这些友谊是通过一些“其他人看来——非社会性的活动”来维持的,比如在互联网上玩游戏。


Further complicating INTJs’ social life is their use of Extraverted Thinking (Te). The majority of males, at least in the United States, are TP types, all of who use Extraverted Feeling (Fe) rather than Te. This gives TPs (including INTPs) a leg up when it comes to casually connecting with others in social situations. TPs often enjoy social situations (at least for a stint), which grant them opportunities to showcase or sharpen their social chops. By contrast, INTJs, along with other Te types, often loathe unfamiliar social situations. They find it painfully difficult to “rub elbows” or engage in any measure of “small talk” with strangers. This further intensifies their sense of being “different” from their peers.

使INTJs的社交生活更复杂化的是他们对[外向思考 (Te)]功能的使用。大多数男性,至少在美国,都是TP型,他们都使用[外向情感(Fe)]而不是Te功能。这使得TPs(包括INTPs)在社交场合与人交流时,通常会有优势。TPs往往喜欢社交场合(至少在一段时间内),这让他们有机会展示或提高他们的社交能力。而相比之下,INTJs就和其他Te类型的人一样,非常讨厌不熟悉的社交场合。他们发现自己很难与陌生人交际,这进一步强化了他们与同龄人“不同”的感觉。


INTJs also have a reputation for being “walking encyclopedias.” They are sponges for all sorts of information, be it historical, scientific, technical, or otherwise. I’ve met many INTJs who seem to have “photographic memories,” able to recall nearly anything they’ve been exposed to. One of my INTJ friends, for instance, readily recites lines from movies he’s only seen once.

INTJs也以“行走的百科全书”而闻名。它们是各种信息的海绵,无论是历史的、科学的、技术的,还是其他的。我曾经遇到过许多似乎有着“过目不忘能力”的INTJs,他们几乎能回忆起他们接触过的任何东西。我一个INTJ朋友,就能很容易地背诵他只看过一次的电影。


In recognizing their powers of insight (Ni), not to mention their vast stores of factual knowledge (Te), INTJs are naturally inclined to share what they know with others. In addition to activities such as gaming, dispensing ideas or information is one of the easiest ways for INTJs to engage with others. They enjoy opportunities to utilize their typological strengths and enlighten others. Unfortunately, this can sometimes result in INTJs being misconstrued as arrogant “know-it-alls.”

由于他们在洞察力(Ni)方面具有强大的能力,同时又获取了大量的现实知识(Te),INTJs倾向于与他人分享他们的所学所知。除了“游戏”这类活动之外,“分享想法和信息”就成了INTJs与他人接触最简单的方式之一。他们喜欢使用自己的类型优势去启发他人,但不幸的是,这有时会导致INTJs被误解为傲慢的——“自以为无所不知的”。


Despite their introverted status, INTJs can be surprisingly talkative. Like INFJs, they can talk at great length (and depth) on topics that interest them. This is one reason INTJs often enjoy the role of lecturer or professor. And while they are rarely the most dynamic or energetic of orators, INTJs are typically decent story-tellers and good for occasional injections of droll humor or cultural references. This can help humanize them in the eyes of their audience, even if their overall delivery remains a bit dry or mechanical.

尽管他们是内向型人格,但他们却很健谈。像INFJs一样,他们可以对感兴趣的话题进行详细的讨论,这也是INTJs通常喜欢担任讲师或教授的原因之一。虽然他们很少能成为最有活力的演说家,但是他们是会讲故事的人,偶尔还会有一些古怪的幽默感和文化方面的参考,这帮助他们在听众的眼里稍微人性化一些,但整体上仍然是有些枯燥或呆板的。


Because INTJs extravert their Thinking judgments (i.e., Te), others commonly (and often wrongly) assume them to be characteristically serious individuals. This misses the fact that they are dominant Perceivers (i.e., their dominant Ni function is a Perceiving function), which makes them far more inwardly easygoing, even playful, than most people realize. I’ve known some INTJs who begin every day with comedy, such as catching up on the latest “9gag” website postings. This is one reason type theory is so important: it keys us into inner (I) – outer (E) type differences that might otherwise be overlooked.

由于INTJs外向化了他们的思考功能 (Te),别人(经常会错误地)认为他们是很严肃的人。这忽略了一个事实,即他们的主导Ni功能是一种感知功能,这使得他们其实比大多数人以为的要更好相处、更有趣。这也是“人格理论”如此重要的原因之一:它将一些内向(I)-外向(E)人格之间可能被忽略的差异呈现了出来。


Another consequence of INTJs’ Perceiving dominance is their tendency to be passive or phlegmatic. More proactive types, such as ENTJs, might even consider them a bit lazy or apathetic. But calling INTJs lazy is to miss the point of what it means to be a Perceiver. Namely, since INTJs’ first and foremost job is to Perceive rather than Judge or act, functioning in a passive mode of perception is actually their most authentic mode of operating. Indeed, the reason that INTJs’ theories and insights are often superior is because they do not force things. They patiently allow their Ni intuition to collect and synthesize all the pertinent information before they draw conclusions. Again, others may be blinded to this reality if they focus exclusively on INTJs’ external presentation.

INTJs主导功能为感知功能(Ni)的另一个后果是他们倾向于“被动”或“冷淡”。更主动的类型,比如ENTJs,就可能会认为他们有点“懒”或者“冷漠”。但是,认为INTJs是懒惰的人,其实也是忽略了INTJs感知功能的真正意义。也就是说,因为INTJs的首要任务是“感知”而不是“判断”或“行动”,因此在被动的“知觉模式”下运作实际上是他们最真实的操作方式。事实上,INTJs的理论和见解通常都是卓越的,原因也在于他们并不强迫事物。他们耐心地允许他们的Ni直觉在他们得出结论之前收集和整合所有的相关信息。如果人们只看到了INTJs的外部表现,就可能会对这个“内因”视而不见。


INTJs’ Functional Stack & Personality Type Development

INTJ的功能类型和人格发展


Each personality type prefers to use four of the eight functions first described by Jung. These four functions comprise a type’s “functional stack.” The relative strength of preference for these four functions is expressed in the following manner: dominant, auxiliary, tertiary, and inferior. INTJs’ first preference is Ni, followed by Te, Fi and Se respectively. This is depicted in the arrangement of their functional stack:

每个人格类型都倾向于使用荣格八个功能中的四个。这四个功能组成了一种人格型的“功能类型”。这四种功能的相对强度以下列方式排序:主导、辅助、第三和第四。INTJs的主导功能是Ni,其次是Te、Fi和Se。


INTJs’ Functional Stack

INTJ的功能类型

Dominant: Introverted Intuition (Ni)

Auxiliary: Extraverted Thinking (Te)

Tertiary:  Introverted Feeling (Fi)

Inferior:  Extraverted Sensing (Se)


While we will soon discuss each of these functions in greater depth, for now, we will turn our attention to another feature of INTJs’ personality—their type development. As is true for all the personality types, INTJs’ type development consists of three general phases. These phases roughly correspond to the ordering of the functional stack, with Ni being the first function to blossom, Te the second, on so on. But as we will see, the inferior function is sort of a special case, summoning INTJs’ attention at an earlier phase than might otherwise be expected.

Phase I (Childhood)——阶段一:孩童期


Early in life, Introverted Intuition (Ni) emerges as INTJs’ dominant function. The degree to which the dominant function needs to be worked on or developed is not entirely clear. If one can argue, for instance, that great athletes are born not made, might the same not be true for a type’s dominant function?

在早期生活中,[内向直觉(Ni)]作为INTJs的主导功能出现。主导功能需要开发的程度并不完全清楚。举个例子,如果可以说,伟大的运动员从来都是天生的,而不是后天培养的,那么对于一种人格的主导功能来说,是不是也是一样呢?


Regardless, INTJs’ amass a great deal of information for their Ni to chew on throughout their childhood. The longer they live and the more they see, the more their worldview crystallizes and the more confident they feel in their understanding of things. Even young INTJs are keen to understand what is happening around them. This is what Ni does. It looks beyond appearances to discern the root causes and structures of things.

无论如何,INTJs在他们的童年时代都有大量的信息供他们咀嚼。他们生活的时间越长,他们看到的越多,他们的世界观就越清晰,他们对事物的理解就越有信心。即使是很小的INTJs 都非常渴望了解周围发生的事情,这就是Ni功能所主导的。从表面看,我们无法识别这种模式的根本原因和结构。


But as we’ve seen, INTJs aren’t always all that serious-minded. Many spend their childhood playing video games, watching movies, learning an instrument, or surfing the web. They acquire much of their knowledge through happenstance, without much in the way of conscious effort.

但正如我们所看到的,INTJs并不总是那么严肃。许多人把童年时光花在玩电子游戏、看电影、学习乐器或上网上面。他们通过偶发事件获得大量的知识,没有太多有意识的努力。

Phase II (Adolescence-30s)——阶段二:青少年-30s


In Phase II, their inferior function, Extraverted Sensing (Se), begins to assert itself and to play a more prominent role in INTJs’ psychic drama. The inferior’s undue influence can be seen as stemming from its bipolar relationship with the dominant function. Namely, in order to ensure psychological diversity or balance, INTJs feel compelled to experience something characteristically distinct from the dominant function. The inferior function is often experienced as magical, mysterious, and exciting, even blissful. Some have described it as “a whole new world.” It can thereby serve as a powerful source of energy and motivation. This is why all types, especially those in Phase II, display a strong appetite for, and curiosity toward, their inferior function.

在第二阶段,他们的第四功能[外向感觉(Se)]开始出现,并逐渐扮演起更重要的角色。第四功能带来的影响是源于它与主导功能的冲突关系。也就是说,为了确保心理上的多样性或平衡感,INTJs觉得有必要去体验与主导功能截然不同的东西。第四功能常被体验为神奇的、神秘的、令人兴奋的,甚至是幸福的。一些人把它描述为“一个全新的世界”,它可以作为能量和动力的强大来源。这就是为什么所有人格型,在第二阶段,都会表现出强烈的欲望和好奇心,这就是他们的第四功能在发挥作用。


As will be enumerated in our forthcoming section on Se, the emergence of Se may take the form of INTJs’ showing greater interest in novel aesthetic or sensory (S) experiences. While INTJ children are often leery of new experiences, as time goes on, they may gradually open themselves to S novelties. Although INTJs tend not to be as “experimental” in their approach to life as NPs, many come to welcome new S experiences as an invigorating alternative to their typical state of NT cerebralism.

正如我们即将在Se部分中所说的那样,Se的出现可能会让INTJs对新奇的美学和感官体验产生更大的兴趣。虽然INTJ儿童经常会对新的经历感到厌倦,但随着时间的推移,他们可能会逐渐开放自己去迎接新的事物。尽管INTJs在他们的生活方式中并没有像NPs那样具有“实验性”,但很多人还是欢迎“新的体验”来作为他们长期“NT统治下”的某种替代。


Because of its deep allure and sense of novelty, the inferior can lead INTJs, to make questionable career or relationship decisions in Phase II. It may, for instance, cause them to pair with incompatible types under the spell of the “opposites attract” (i.e., inferior function attraction) phenomenon. Therefore, Phase II INTJs can typically benefit from a reality check, remembering that their “core self” is ultimately founded on their Ni, not Se.

由于它强烈的吸引力和新奇感,第四功能可能导致INTJs在第二阶段做出“存疑的”职业或关系决定。例如,它可能使他们在“反向相吸”(低功能吸引现象)的符咒下与“并不相容”的类型进行配对。因此,第二阶段的INTJs通常是可以从“现实经验”中受益的,只要他们记住自己的“核心自我”最终建立在Ni功能,而不是Se功能上。


The siren call of the inferior function can be effectively counterbalanced by regular use and development of the auxiliary function. For INTJs, this means bringing a greater measure of Te to the proverbial table. Te helps INTJs rationally explicate their intuitions, whether in math, science, consulting, or related fields. Regular employment of Te also encourages INTJs to move out of Perceiving mode and into Judging, promoting a more diverse and balanced personality.

通过对辅助功能(Te)的正常使用和发展,可以有效地抵消第四功能的诱惑。对于INTJs来说,这意味着将更大的度量标准(Te)引入到曾经习以为常的量表中。Te帮助INTJs理性地解释他们的直觉,无论是在数学,科学,咨询,还是相关领域。定期地使用Te也会帮助INTJs走出感知模式、进入判断模式,提升多样化和平衡性。

Phase III (30s, 40s, & Beyond)——阶段三:30s、40s、及以后


Phase III INTJs wise up to the tricks and temptations of the inferior function, discovering more sustainable ways of integrating their functions. Rather than leapfrogging between the dominant and inferior functions (e.g., the bipolar behavior characteristic of Phase II), they learn to stay grounded in their Ni as they explore, develop, and integrate their less conscious functions.

第三阶段是进一步发展第四功能,寻找可持续的方法来整合这些功能。在这一阶段,与其说是跨越主导功能和第四功能之间的鸿沟(像第二阶段所呈现那种双极状态行为模式),不如说是他们逐渐学会了在探索、开发和整合他们无意识的功能(Se)时,让Ni功能更脚踏实地。


INTJs in Phase III also become skilled in achieving what psychologist Mihalyi Csikszentmihaly has dubbed the “flow state.” Flow states are characterized by deep absorption in an activity, an optimal balance of challenge and stimulation, and a sense of progress toward a meaningful goal. In a state of flow, INTJs forget about themselves and their concerns, “becoming one with” the activity. Flow states are most likely to emerge when INTJs perform activities that engage their dominant and auxiliary functions. For more on this, see my eBook, The 16 Personality Types.

在第三阶段中,INTJs也精通于心理学家Mihalyi Csikszentmihaly所称的“动态”。“动态”的特征是在一个活动中深度吸收,在挑战和刺激中找到最佳平衡点,并朝着有意义的目标前进的感觉。在一个“动态”中,INTJs忘记了自己和他们的关注点,成为了“动态”的一部分。当INTJs执行其主导和辅助功能时,最可能出现“动态”。


INTJs’ Dominant Function: Introverted Intuition (Ni)

INTJ的主导功能:内向直觉Ni


As we saw earlier, in order to best understand INTJs, we must recognize the full implications of their dominant function, Ni, being a Perceiving function. While INTJs can certainly function as rational thinkers via their auxiliary Te, their first preference is to process matters in less rational ways a la Ni.

为了更好地理解INTJs,我们必须认识其主导功能Ni——作为一个感知功能的全部含义。尽管INTJs可以被看作一个理性的思考者(通过他们的辅助功能Te),但他们的第一偏好(Ni)却并不是用那么理性的方式来处理问题的。


In its popular connotation, intuition is understood as an unconscious way of knowing, or what writer Malcolm Gladwell has cleverly described as “thinking without thinking.” It is therefore interesting to consider that, for dominant Intuitives such as INTJs, intuition is understood to be their most conscious function. While it is true that intuition is more conscious for INTJs than it is for other types, we must remember that Ni is a Perceiving function. So although INTJs may have readier access to its workings and products, there is still a sense in which they don’t really control it. Intuitive insight often seems to emerge ex nihilo, as a welcomed but unexpected gift from the muses.

在通俗理解中,“直觉”被解释为一种“无意识”的认知方式,或者像作家Malcolm Gladwell描述的那样:“没有思考的思考”。然而,有趣的是,对于INTJs这样的强直觉型人格来说,“直觉”却已经是他们最有意识的功能。但同时也必须记住,即使“直觉”对INTJs 来说,已经比对其他人格型来说更具有意识,但Ni始终是一种感知功能,因此,哪怕INTJs可以更方便地使用Ni去工作,但它仍然是一种“感觉”,INTJs并没有真正地控制它。“直觉”的洞察力似乎永远是凭空而来的,是一个出乎意料又颇受欢迎的礼物。


With that said, INTJs do possess some measure of control over the types of problems they want their Ni to solve, not to mention the raw material they feed into it. The more they immerse themselves in a certain problem or subject matter, the more their insight will deepen. So it’s not that INTJs can be totally hands-off and allow Ni to do all the heavy lifting for them. Healthy INTJs find the right balance between allowing their Ni to do its thing and consciously participating with the process.

说到这一点,当INTJs在使用他们的Ni去解决问题时,的确拥有着他们对这些问题的控制感,更不用说他们在其中所提供的原料了。他们越沉浸于某个问题或主题时,他们的洞察力就会越深。但这也并不是说INTJs可以完全放手,让Ni去为他们做所有艰巨的任务。健康的INTJs会在“允许他们的Ni做事情”和“有意识地参与这个过程”中找到某种正确的平衡。


Because of its prescience and depth of insight, Ni may at times seem to border on magical or supernatural. While not discounting it impressiveness, the Ni process can, at least to some extent, be rationally explicated. Namely, INTJs’ inferior function, Extraverted Sensing (Se), unconsciously collects vast quantities of sensory information from the outside world. This data is then kindly forwarded to Ni, which tries to make sense of it, like assembling the pieces of a puzzle. Eventually, an impression is formed that reveals the deeper reality or N pattern behind the data.

由于它的先见之明和深邃的洞察力, Ni有时似乎在魔法或超自然的边缘。然而并不是想削减这种魔力,但至少在某种程度上,Ni功能的确是一个可以理性解释的过程——INTJs的第四功能外向感觉(Se)无意识地从外部世界收集大量的感官信息,然后这些数据传送给Ni功能,Ni功能会像组装拼图的碎片一样去理解这些信息,最终形成一种整体的印象,揭示这些数据背后的深层现实或宏观模式。


It is often said that human beings rely more heavily on vision than their other senses. This seems particularly true of INJ types, who often associate a strong visual element with their Ni. Many report thinking by way of images more than words. Their intuitions may take the form of symbols, images, dreams, or patterns. This is consistent with Jung’s characterization of the Ni type as the dreamer or seer. There is a distinct visual character to these notions, which is why vision-related terms—foresight, insight, seer, visionary, etc.—are commonly ascribed to INJs.

人们常说,人类比其他感官更依赖视觉。对于INJ类型来说,这一点尤其正确,他们经常将一个强大的视觉元素与他们的Ni功能联系在一起,他们的许多思考都是通过图片而不是文字来进行,他们的“直觉”可能以符号、图像、梦或模式的形式出现。这也正是为什么Jung会将Ni功能描述为“梦想家功能”或“预言家功能”。这些概念都具有明显的视觉特征,这也是为什么与视觉有关的一些术语——foresight、insight、seer、visionary等——通常都被用来描述INJ的原因。


Visual processing may prove advantageous for solving problems that seem resistant to rational solutions. This is because visual processing isn’t bound by the same rules or limitations as verbal or logical processing. Indeed, Ni’s unique approach to problem-solving may explain why INTJs often make such formidable analysts and theorists.

“视觉特征”对于解决一些冲突性的问题是有利的。这是因为视觉处理不受那些语言或逻辑处理的规则或限制约束。的确,Ni独特的解决问题的方法可能解释了为什么INTJs常常会成为强大的分析家和理论家。


INTJs’ Auxiliary Function: Extraverted Thinking (Te)

INTJ的辅助功能:外向思考Te


While Ni is a holistic and synthesizing function, INTJs’ auxiliary function, Te, hails squarely from the left side of the brain. The left hemisphere is characteristically logical, abstract, analytical, and systematic. It breaks things down into their constituent parts, names those parts, explicates their functions, and determines their relationships to other parts.

Ni是一个整理合成性的功能,而INTJs的辅助功能Te却直接来自于大脑的左侧。左半球是典型的逻辑、抽象、分析和系统性部门,它将事物分解为组成部分,它命名这些部分,解释其功能,并定义这些部分之间的关系。


A Te-based approach also emphasizes quantification, as well as the establishment of measurable goals and standards. Never vague or ambiguous, it employs clear definitions, policies, plans, and procedures. It carefully spells out how to get from here to there, using as many maps, directions, and labels as necessary. The ultimate goal of Te is to render things logically intelligible, making them more amenable to human manipulation, prediction, and control.

Te功能的运作模式强调量化、建立可度量的目标和标准。它从不含糊不清,总是清晰明确地定义、策划、计划和执行。它仔细地说明如何从这里到那里,尽可能多地使用地图、方向和标签。Te的最终目标是使事物具有逻辑上的可解性,使它们更易于操纵、预测和控制。


Ni is neither characteristically rational nor highly systematic. Only the Judging functions, most notably Te, operate in such a fashion. And because Ni comes first in INTJs’ functional stack, Te is ultimately more of a servant than a master. It is primarily used to analyze or flesh out Ni’s intuitions. Once an intuition has formed, Te takes the reins and works to give it rational form, sort of like decompressing a computer file. Te’s ability to translate intuitions into words, diagrams, or formulae is important because it helps others better comprehend INTJs’ insights.

Ni功能既不是完全理性的,也不是高度系统化的。只有判断功能,尤其是Te功能是以这种方式运作的。然而,由于Ni是在INTJs的功能类型中最先出现的,所以Te最终更像是一个仆人而不是一个主人。它主要用于分析或充实Ni的直觉。一旦形成了一种直觉,Te就会拉起缰绳,给它以理性的形式,就像解压计算机文件一样。Te能够把直觉翻译成单词、图表或公式,能够帮助别人更好地来理解INTJ的洞察力。


In explicating their intuitions, Te is highly systematic and methodical, even perfectionistic. INTJs pay close attention to the way things are ordered, ensuring that their work follows the appropriate linear or logical sequencing. They may also work to incorporate relevant Te facts, data, and other objective considerations.

在解释他们的直觉时,Te是系统的,有条理的,甚至是完美主义的。INTJs密切关注事物的排序方式,确保它们的工作遵循适当的线性或逻辑顺序。他们也可能会把相关的事实、数据和其他客观考虑因素结合起来。


With that said, INTJs always keep at least one eye on the bigger picture, ensuring that they are staying true to their foundational intuition. This is one way INTJs differ from SJ types, who often miss the bigger picture or end up getting lost in the particulars. Not only are INTJs blessed with the ability to isolate and analyze specifics, but they simultaneously maintain a clear vision of the whole system, including its hierarchical structure and the interrelationships of its component parts.

说到这一点,INTJs在观察事物时至少都会稍微关注到宏观的图景,以确保它们忠实于自己的基本直觉。这也是INTJs与SJ类型的不同之处,后者经常忽视了宏观图景,最终迷失在细节中。而INTJs不仅具有分离细节和分析细节的能力,他们同时还维护着整个系统的清晰远景,包括它的层次结构、组件的相互关系。


The fact that INTJs lead with Ni rather than Te also casts doubt on perceptions of INTJs being excessively stubborn or closed-minded. Such perceptions are typically rooted in observations of INTJs’ extraversion of Thinking. But because Te closure is not their typical or preferred state of being, we should be careful not to confuse their outer presentation (Te) with their inner reality (Ni). INTJs are far more open inwardly than they may seem outwardly.

尽管INTJs的核心功能是Ni而不是Te,但这依旧让人们质疑INTJs是否过于固执或封闭。这种认知通常来源于人们对INTJs外向思考Te功能的感受。但由于Te的闭环其实并不是他们的典型或首选状态,我们应该注意不要将他们的外部表现(Te)与内在真实(Ni)混淆了。内心深处,INTJs远比表面看上去更加开放。


Another feature of Te, which we touched on earlier, is its social presentation. Unlike Fe, Te is not concerned with procuring social harmony or group morale. It is characteristically impersonal—focused on facts, objects, and systems rather than feelings. The inability of others to approach things impersonally or objectively is a common point of frustration for INTJs. They may feel incredulous toward others’ repeated failure to see, and/or appropriately respond to, objective truth. INTJs often feel that, regardless of how sound their arguments or the amount of evidence they present, some people simply won’t budge. Even more frustrating is when they see those same people responding to F influences. When this happens repeatedly, INTJs may become dismayed or nihilistic, concerned that humanity will forever remain blind to the truth.

Te的另一个特点,我们之前提到过,是它的社会性展示功能。与Fe不同,Te并不关心获得社会和谐或团体士气。它是典型不带情感色彩的功能——专注于事实、对象和系统而不是情感。“别人无法客观或理性地对待事情”通常是INTJs的沮丧来源。他们可能会对别人的反复失败感到怀疑,才会对客观结果作出一些适当的让步。INTJs常常会觉得,无论他们拿出多少论据或证据,有些人就是不会让步,而更让他们沮丧的是,同样的这些人却会对F的影响作出反应。当这种情况反复发生时,INTJs可能会变得沮丧或虚无主义,会担心人类将永远对真相视而不见。


One can see this playing out in the political careers of INTJs Hillary Clinton and Al Gore. Both are among the most intelligent of politicians, possessing a solid understanding of national and global dynamics. But both are/were plagued by a lack of charisma and likeability (i.e., a lack of Fe), making it difficult them to inspire or connect with others on an emotional level.

人们可以看到,希拉里·克林顿和阿尔·戈尔的政治生涯都是如此。他们都是最聪明的政治家,对国家和全球的动态有着坚实的理解。但两者都有缺乏魅力和亲和力的困扰(缺乏Fe功能),这使得他们很难在情感上激发他人或者与他人有一种情感层面的沟通。


INTJs’ Tertiary Function: Introverted Feeling (Fi)

INTJ的第三功能:内向情感Fi


Despite their preference for Te over Fi, it would be a mistake to assume that INTJs are emotionless robots. The real difficulty for INTJs is that, regardless of how strong their emotions or convictions may be, this often gets lost in translation. We know that INTJs’ feelings don’t readily translate because their preferred Feeling function (Fi) is introverted in its direction. Instead of extraverting Feeling, they extravert Thinking (Te). This precludes others from readily accessing their emotional state. Instead of seeing variations of expression or intonation (Fe), one encounters a relatively flat, monochromatic presentation (Te).

尽管INTJs偏爱Te超过Fi,但如果认为他们是没有情感的机器人,那就大错特错了。对于INTJs来说,真正的困难在于,不管他们的情绪或信念有多强,这份“强度”通常会在表达中流失。我们知道,INTJs的感情并不容易传达,因为他们偏好的感知功能(Fi)是一个内向型功能。而在外向维度,他们偏好的功能是外向思考(Te),而不是外向情感(Fe),这就使得别人并不容易了解到INTJs的情感状态,人们更容易从INTJs身上看到一个平淡的、单调的表达(Te),而不是一个情感丰富、语调变化强烈的表达(Fe)。


With respect to other people, Fi is associated with intensive emotional investments in a limited number of individuals. Instead of distributing its emotional energies broadly in the way of Fe, Fi is more focused and discriminating. This is why INTJs typically show little interest in social networking. Instead, they typically invest themselves emotionally in their families, along with one or two close friends. They tend to be loyal and committed partners, as well as unswervingly devoted to the well-being of their children. While they may be skeptical toward a great many things, the value of family and friendship is typically not one of them.

在与他人的关系上,(Fi)功能偏好于“与有限数量的人进行集中的情感投资”。与其把情感能量广泛地分布在很多人身上(像Fe的方式上那样),(Fi)更有针对性,更有偏爱性。这就是为什么INTJs通常对社交网络没什么兴趣。相反,他们通常会把自己的情感投入到家庭中,以及一两个亲密的朋友上。他们往往是忠诚的,是忠诚的伴侣,并且毫不动摇地致力于孩子们的幸福。虽然他们通常对很多事都持怀疑论(不可知论),但家庭和友谊的价值却通常不在他们的怀疑之中。


Career-wise, Fi may inspire INTJs to work toward social change and reform, be it in business, politics, economics, education, or otherwise. Fi is highly sensitive to injustices, especially those affecting individuals perceived to be incapable of helping or defending themselves (e.g., children, the elderly, the poor, etc.). Hence, INTJs’ Fi often teams up with Ni to foresee paths to a more just and equitable world. Te may also play a role in the process, such as developing strategic or logistical plans for reforming broken systems. This combination of Ni, Te, and Fi explains why INTJs often score high on the Enneagram’s type One, often called “The Reformer.”

在职业生涯中,(Fi)可能会激发起INTJs对“社会变革”和“改革”的兴趣,无论是在商业、政治、经济、教育,还是其他行业。(Fi)对“不公正”非常敏感,特别是对那些被认为并不能自立或保护自己的个人(孩子,老人,穷人等)。因此,INTJs的Fi功能通常会与Ni功能合作,预见出一种通往“更公正、更公平世界”的道路。Te也可能在这个过程中发挥作用,例如为改革系统制定某些战略或实施计划。这种Ni、Te和Fi的组合也就解释了为什么INTJs通常在Enneagram上得分很高,被称为“改革家(改良家)”。


With that said, I’ve observed a fair amount of variability among INTJs with respect to the prominence of Fi in their personality. I know one INTJ, for instance, who had a rather difficult upbringing and has spent most of his adult life trying to understand and remediate his childhood wounds. This led him to develop interests in both normal and abnormal psychology. I’ve also known INTJs who show little more than a passing interest in psychology. It may be that differences in childhood experiences affect the degree to which INTJs focus on Fi matters, including their own emotional landscape. The interaction of nature and nurture may also affect the degree of INTJs’ emotional stability. Some INTJs are emotional labile and constantly turning to others for support. Other INTJs are characteristically more steady and independent in handling their emotions.

说到这一点,我观察到INTJs内部,对于他们(Fi)功能的关注度有着巨大的差异性。例如,我认识一个INTJ,有着非常艰难的成长经历,成年以后他大部分人生都花在了努力理解和修复自己的童年创伤上,这使得他对普通心理学和变态心理学产生了兴趣,我也认识另外一些对心理学有兴趣的INTJ。可能是童年经历的差异导致了INTJs对(Fi)功能关注程度的差异,包括对他们自己情感状况关注程度的差异。先天和后天的相互作用也同样会影响INTJs的情绪稳定性。有些INTJs是情绪不稳定的,他们需要不断地向别人寻求支持,而另一些INTJs却在处理自己的情绪时表现得更稳定、更独立。


The last thing I’ll mention about INTJs’ Fi is its contribution to their interest in self-knowledge, including their desire to understand what makes them unique and different. For quite some time, I was perplexed as to why so many INTJs took interest in personality typology. I hypothesized that in most cases it was probably career-related, such as trying to match their personality to a particular career field. I later realized that their reasons often ran deeper than that. Namely, similar to what we see in FP types, INTJs’ Fi compels them to understand who they are as unique individuals.

关于INTJs的(Fi)功能,要说的最后一件事是,Fi使得INTJs有着“自我认知”的浓厚兴趣,包括他们想了解究竟是什么使得他们与众不同的。在相当长的一段时间里,我都困惑于为什么这么多的INTJs对人格类型非常感兴趣。我曾经猜想,是不是大多数情况下都与职业发展有关,比如他们想将自己的个性与特定的职业领域相匹配。但后来我意识到,他们的理由往往比这更深刻。也就是说,与我们在FP类型中所看到的相似,INTJs的Fi功能使得他们想要努力弄明白他们是谁,作为一个独一无二的存在,他们到底是谁。


INTJs’ Inferior Function: Extraverted Sensing (Se)

INTJ的第四功能:外向感觉Se


The importance of the inferior function has long been grossly underestimated in the type community. Sometimes called the lost, missing, or repressed function, it is the most unconscious of the four functions. It is also the most difficult to access, understand, and integrate. Despite its relative elusiveness, we should be careful not to dismiss it as irrelevant or unimportant, as has too often been done.  The truth is that a proper understanding of the inferior function is indispensable in the human quest for wholeness and integration.

在功能类型中,第四功能的重要性一直被严重低估。它有时被称为丢失的、遗失的或被压抑的功能,它是四个功能中最被忽略的功能,也是最难进入、理解和整合的功能。然而,尽管它有着一定的逃避性,但我们应该注意不要把它当作无关紧要的或不重要的东西,就像我们通常做的那样。事实是,对第四功能的正确认识对于人类实现整体性具有至关重要的意义。


As is the case with other types, INTJs display a “love-hate” relationship with their inferior function, Extraverted Sensing (Se). This is especially true for those in Phase II of type development. Fortunately, the challenges associated with the inferior can be largely offset by understanding its essential nature, as well as potential ways of integrating it.

就和其他人格型一样,INTJs与他们的第四功能(Se)同样有一种“爱恨交加”的关系。这对于处在人格发展第二阶段的INTJs来说尤其如此。幸运的是,通过理解第四功能的本质和整合它们的方法可以应对这些方面的挑战。


Generally speaking, having Se as their inferior function makes INTJs less attuned to the details or concrete elements of life. While Se takes in plenty of sensory data from the outside world, what INTJs typically experience is an Ni synthesis of that information. So instead of registering particular environmental details (Se), they see the world through the lens of Ni impressions. They can therefore seem rather oblivious to the details of their surroundings.

一般来说,Se作为第四功能的INTJs对生活细节和具体要素的感受都不那么敏感。虽然Se为INTJs从外部世界获取了大量的感官数据,但真正整合信息的功能是Ni。因此,INTJs更多地是通过Ni来观察世界,而不是通过具体的环境细节(Se),也因此,INTJs通常会对环境细节视而不见。


This is not to say, however, that INTJs are unaffected by, or insensitive to, their physical environment. Although they may be consciously oblivious to their surroundings, they are still absorbing and subconsciously registering a breadth of environmental stimuli. Similar to INFJs, their nervous systems are often highly permeable and sensitive to the environment. This is why they commonly know things without realizing how they came to know them. They passively absorb information apart from conscious effort. This permeability can also make them susceptible to overstimulation in noisy or chaotic circumstances.

然而,这并不是说,INTJs丝毫不受外在物理环境的影响,尽管他们也许会有意识地忽略周围的环境,但他们仍在潜意识地吸收和记录着大量外部环境的刺激,与INFJs相似的是,INTJs的神经系统也通常对环境具有高度的渗透性和敏感性。这就是为什么他们通常是在毫无意识的情况下去认识事物的——他们被动地吸收信息,而不是通过有意识的努力。这种渗透性会使得他们容易在嘈杂或混乱的环境中受到过度刺激。


Because of their conscious disconnect from the world around them, many INTJs report feeling like aliens or strangers in the world, even estranged from their own bodies. This can make them leery of unfamiliar S experiences, such as trying new foods, drugs, or physical activities. Doing so can seem too risky or unpredictable, since the S world seems largely outside of INTJs’ sphere of control.

由于他们有意识地与周围的世界隔绝,许多INTJs会觉得他们像是这个世界的外星人或陌生人,甚至与自己的身体也感觉很疏远。这让他们并不喜欢去尝试那些陌生的S的经历,比如尝试新的食物、药物或者身体活动。做这些事情的风险似乎太大并且难以预料,因为S的世界似乎很大程度上是超出INTJs的控制范围的。


In time, however, INTJs may gradually become more open to and interested in S novelties. Those intrigued by their inferior Se may display a surprising thirst for sensory novelty, material comforts, or physical thrills. They may drive expensive cars, purchase luxurious homes, or opt for high-end accommodations when travelling. Some even become connoisseurs of fine food, wine, or art.

然而,随着时间的推移,INTJs可能会逐渐变得开放,对S世界的新奇感产生兴趣。在第四功能Se的激发下,他们可能会变得对感官猎奇、物质享受、或身体刺激产生惊人的渴望。他们可能驾驶昂贵的汽车,购买豪宅,或者在旅行时选择高端的住所。一些人甚至成为美食、葡萄酒或艺术鉴赏家。


This points to the love-hate relationship INTJs often have with their inferior function. Depending on time and circumstances, Se matters may be viewed as a source of great pleasure and intrigue, or one of fear, stress, and frustration.

这些都充分地说明了INTJs与他们第四功能之间爱恨交加的关系,在不同的时间和环境下,Se功能既可能成为快乐和好奇心的源泉,也可能成为恐惧、压力和挫折的来源。


Perfectionism——完美主义者


Both INTJs and INFJs are notorious for their predilection for perfectionism. Fortunately, this propensity is well-explained by type theory. Namely, INJs can be understood as striving to integrate their dominant Ni with their inferior Se, to see their N ideals perfectly materialized in S reality.

INTJs和INFJs都因为他们的完美主义而臭名昭著。幸运的是,这种倾向在人格学说中被很好的解释了。也就是说,INTJs的完美主义可以理解为是他们为了努力地将他们的主要功能Ni和第四功能Se结合起来,使他们N的理想得以在S的现实中完美地实现。


Parenthetically, while it is true that ENPs also have a dominant N (i.e., Ne) and inferior S (i.e., Si) function, Ne tends not to get attached to a single vision in the way that Ni does. Where Ne is open to multiple interpretations or possibilities, Ni sees only one. So although some ENPs can be perfectionists (Steve Jobs is a good example), perfectionism is a more consistent and signature tendency of INJs.

顺便说一下,ENPs也有一个N的主导功能(Ne)和一个S的第四功能(Si),但Ne功能并不像Ni那样只有单一的视角,当Ne对多种多样的解释和可能性都敞开怀抱时,Ni却只聚焦于其中的一个。因此,尽管有一些ENPs也可能是完美主义者(例如史蒂夫·乔布斯),但“完美主义”通常还是在INJs身上更具有一致性和显著性。


One of INTJ my friends, for instance, spent well over a month working to resolve a problem with the rendering of bullet points in his business’s email newsletters. Despite the fact that the problem would only be noticeable to about 10% of his email clientele, not to mention that it was considered intractable by many email experts, he continued to relentlessly pursue a solution. Ultimately, after many weeks of work and frustration, he managed to find his own workaround.

例如,我的一个INTJ朋友,他花了超过一个月的时间来解决某一个问题——在商业电邮通讯录中标注要点。尽管他的电子邮件客户中只会有10%的人注意这个问题,更别说这是一个对很多电邮专家来说都棘手的问题,但他始终坚持不懈地寻求解决方案。最终,经过数周的努力和挫败,他终于找到了解决的办法。


As suggested by this example, perfectionism, thoroughness, and perseverance (or what some might call obsessiveness or compulsiveness) are closely linked for INTJs. Many feel they cannot rest or move forward until certain foundational matters have been squared away. While other types might content themselves with “good enough,” INTJs are insistent that their work meets their own (often very high) standards of excellence…

就像这个例子所展现的那样,完美主义、彻彻底底、坚持不懈(或者有一些人可能称之为强迫症)通常和INTJs紧密相关。许多INTJs都认为除非所有的问题都得到解决,否则他们不能休息或者move on。当其他人格型已经觉得自己“足够好”的时候,INTJs却坚持他们的工作必须符合他们自己的(通常是非常高的)要求标准。


编者注:INTJ是N型人格中内耗非常小的一种人格型,也因为内耗小,他们得以全力以赴地去做好自己钟情的事业,而不用在内耗中损伤精力。在这一点上,我非常地羡慕INTJ。另外,INTJ也大概是最理想的伴侣人选,没有之一,他们充满耐心、有稳定的富足感和安全感、在情感上专注而忠诚。

           愿世界和平,愿每一个ENFPer都能遇到上帝派送的专属INTJer,比心。


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